Pearls, pearl, or form in the shells of bivalve mollusks found in salt and fresh water. These clams can be found everywhere in the world of the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia in the Gulf of Mexico, Panama and Venezuela.
Abalone oysters "Haliotis"
In the transport used for thousands of years Abalone oysters are abundant around the world. In addition, produced for their meat, they are an excellent source for very bright pearl, and pearls, akoya pearl jewelry, beautiful flowers, ranging from turquoise, green, cream and pink.
Green Abalone "Haliotis fulgens"
Green Abalone thrive in cold waters and rocks in the Gulf of California. They are often small shells, encrusted stick to their surface, their presence resulted in a blister pearls in abalone. Blister pearls are formed when the shells brought from the outside shell of abalone on the defensive in response to the penetration of secreting layers of nacre, the fur of a foreign body inside the shell eventually hardening blister pearls kind.
Black Lip Oyster Pinctada Margaritifera
Harvested for thousands of years, the black lip oyster, for large geographic area of all known species, the pearl favorite color is Indian and Persian monarchs. But despite these pearl oysters name is rarely pure black and the color varies from gray to green with shades of blue or pink. Prepared by the Pacific oyster black pearls is the mouth looking for the world market today.
Silver Bay oyster "Pinctada Maxima"
Sometimes referred to as the golden lips oysters, these giants on their mother for over a hundred years, collected in the South Pacific. They were first cultivated his pearls at the end of 1800, but only until the end of 19 century distributed. Today, silver or pearl white or pearl produced by this oyster is the basis of industry, Australian, Japanese and Filipino pearls.
Oyster Pinctada fucata Ayoka "
Japan is famous for its pearl producing Ayoka, but only the case since 1920. Before this time Japanese divers emphasis on small ball Ayoka, he rejects and keep the nacre, as decorative inlay in jewelry and ornaments of household was used. In the 1950's were, with new growing technology, Akoya Pearl and Shell gained great popularity and is now exported around the world.
Ceylon Oyster Pinctada radiata "
From ancient times until 1920, the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, the world demand for traditional mother of pearl and beads. The source of most of the pearl oysters came from Ceylon, known as "Bil-Bil" Fishermen in the Red Sea. High demand has led most of these individual species threatened with extinction, but surprisingly it is the oyster has the ravages of time and new methods were kept in culture have seen a growing number.
Atlantic Oyster Pinctada imbricata
Before his departure, said the queen of Spain that Christopher Columbus and pearls with silver and gold, the treasures that the Spanish monarchy were in demand. When Christopher Columbus landed on the coast of Venezuela in 1498, the royal demand for the islands of Margarita and Cubagua been answered. For 100 years, the fruits of millions of oysters from the Atlantic region were shipped to Europe, the European monarchies to meet demand. Atlantic oysters came fragile endangered, however, commercial agriculture in the last century has led to an increase in population.
Paz Oyster 'Pinctada Mazatlanica "
Before opening the black lips oysters in the Pacific Ocean, the only other mother Pearl, who is not beautiful colors oysters Polynesia from La Paz oysters in the waters of Panama and California. At one point in La Paz oysters expensive offshore conditions endangered, but the latest initiative of culture in the Gulf of California are to restore and return figures of black pearls and beads on the world market.
Mabe Oyster Pteria Penguin "and" Pteria Sterna "
These two types of thin-walled oysters are the most common sources of pearls, Mabe blister. Mabe pearls are pearls artificially, or culture, they form when the plastic between the oyster shell is used, and causes oysters to create layers of nacre, or mother of pearl, which covers, at last, to create a mold, mold and then cut out from the body. These oysters occur naturally in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and western tropical Pacific.
Pearl facts
Shellfish urged all living organisms in shellfish, water-based, have the ability to produce pearls. However, it is not known gastropods with very little individual bowls, then. High quality pearls are produced in the family called the shells of mollusks, which have two shells.
Believed that pearls and pearl is formed by grit in the clam shell, is wrong. Nacre, or mother of pearl forms when an irritant is trapped as organic pest, food particles in the shell, clams or injured in any way.
Sensing the subject of a living organism in shellfish highlights calcium carbonate, aragonite, derivatives, and the binding protein conchyoline same material used for animals to build its shell. Layers of calcium carbonate on the offender and impregnated conchiolin, which acts as a kind of biological glue binding the crystals together. The regularity of the crystals, and the number of layers in what is called a pearl, which is brilliant.
Chandelier phenomenon is used for the diffraction of light on the surface of a pearl shine together to describe their interior, deep shine. The aura of light that is reflected not only on the surface but also from the internal layers. Better brightness is achieved when the crystals are uniform and thin layers of nacre, and many who continue to bend light. Shell, which controls a brilliant mirror finish higher prices and less quality pearls have low luster bored with the flat surface. The quality of Mother's brilliance is also dependent on external factors.
Nacre is the creation of a living organism and environmental factors play an important role in the learning process. Mother of pearl producing mollusks not regulate their body temperature, and therefore vulnerable to changes in external conditions.
When the water reaches a high temperature of 30 degrees Celsius, as in the Pacific, molluscs increased metabolism and faster growth of secreting more than one pearl mussel, which lives in cold waters. But the layers of nacre is thick and not transparent and crystal structure is not perfect resulting in duller and less brilliant pearl. Thus, pearl earrings, the pearl is rarely collected during the hot months of summer.
However, when the temperature drops to 16 degrees Celsius, the metabolism of molluscs is low, and produces the pearl, and a slower pace. These thin layers of pearls and crystal structure also increased to greater transparency and more shine.
Nacre, or mother appears in a different color from white to black, and almost all other colors in between. It owes its color from three sources: genetics, nutrition and trace elements in water and, finally, to a lesser extent, depth and salinity.
Shellfish that genes are partly responsible for the color of nacre. Rainbow lip oyster or black lips instinctively creates darker colors and the white lip oyster makes a lighter color.
Shellfish filter feeders, sucking water from its valve, the extraction of power from the minutes of water, then remove the water. Their diet consists of phytoplankton, microscopic algae, and algae are different depending on the season. In the Gulf of California, called the blue-green algae "Cyanophites" in abundance in winter but in summer, golden diatoms are more common. These various "phytoplankton" offer materials that change the color of the shellfish from their shells and pearls.
Some trace elements of water, such as metal ions like pearls to win its own unique color acquired assistance. Iron can give pink, blue and green copper, magnesium, yellow, etc.
The term "bright" pearls and opal is often necessary. Iridescence is a general term to describe the presence of rainbow effect on the surface, it is generated by interference or diffraction of light through the crystal structure of diamond.
Pearl care
Mother of Pearl stone with water, so it's important for them to direct sunlight, heat or very dry atmosphere. If the pearl remains dry creek area and there is less wear-resistant and durable. Never use abrasives or strong alcohol to polish your pearl, because it would ruin his color scheme.
Save your pearl in a cool dark place and keep them looking their best by wiping with a damp cloth. Wear it often, mother of pearl like oil of natural bodies. Nizam of India, known for their treasures of beads used to adorn their court eunuchs with beads as body oils, the balls are in excellent condition!
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